Discount Effectiveness by Service

Compares ListCost, ContractedCost, EffectiveCost, and BilledCost per service to quantify negotiated and effective discounts. The CASE expression zeroes out ContractedCost and ListCost on Usage rows where BilledCost=0 and EffectiveCost!=0 (typical of commitment-covered usage rows whose ContractedCost/ListCost are already reflected in a separate Purchase row), avoiding double-counting.

← Rate Optimization

Source: FOCUS MCP snapshot
FOCUS editions: v1.4
Queries: 1
Mode: Read-only
Library snapshot (UTC): 2026-10-08

Personas: FinOps Practitioner, Finance, Procurement
Capabilities: Reporting & Analytics, Unit Economics

Discount Effectiveness by Service

Adapted to v1.0

Source: FOCUS 1.0 sample
Result rows: 97
Status: Adapted to v1.0
Execution: PrecomputedRead-only
Result snapshot (UTC): 2026-10-11

Compares list, billed, effective, and contracted discounts per account and service, zeroing list/contracted cost on zero-billed commitment-covered usage to retain the source double-counting guard. ServiceProviderName uses the v1.0 producer for marketplace sellers and the normalized provider for direct services; discounts are percentage points and can be NULL or negative in this sample.

Column adaptations (1)

List vs effective cost by service

Chart controls and notes

Showing the first 20 categories. Open full screen to explore all 97 categories.

Query results
Service provider name	Billing account id	Billing account name	Billing currency	Service name	Total effective cost	Total billed cost	Total list cost	Contracted discount	Effective discount
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud	$214.00	$593.44	$621.88	66.39	65.59
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Virtual Machines	$188.30	$168.24	$168.24	0.06	-11.92
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure SQL Database	$149.04	$149.04	$149.04	0	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	SQL Database	$108.73	$108.73	$108.73	0	0
Datadog Inc.	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Datadog	$40.32	$40.98	$40.98	1.62	1.62
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure App Service	$35.98	$35.98	$35.98	0	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Synapse Analytics	$30.25	$30.25	$30.25	0.02	0
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AmazonCloudWatch	$23.00	$33.49	$33.49	31.32	31.32
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Microsoft.Fabric	$19.28	$19.28	$19.28	0	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Storage Accounts	$17.46	$17.46	$17.46	-0.49	0
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	COMPUTE	$16.00	$17.31	$2.26	–	-607.03
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Virtual Network	$13.09	$13.09	$13.09	0	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Load Testing	$10.00	$10.00	$10.00	0	0
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Relational Database Service	$9.00	$65.51	$65.51	86.26	86.26
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Monitor	$8.75	$8.75	$8.75	0	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Kubernetes Service	$8.36	$8.36	$8.36	0	0
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Elastic File System	$8.00	$9.54	$9.54	16.13	16.13
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Config	$6.00	$5.51	$5.51	-8.99	-8.99
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Machine Learning	$5.05	$5.05	$5.05	0	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Container Instances	$5.02	$5.02	$5.02	0	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure ExpressRoute	$4.19	$4.19	$4.19	0	0
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Elastic Container Service for Kubernetes	$4.00	$9.10	$9.10	56.06	56.06
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Simple Storage Service	$4.00	$6.62	$6.62	39.55	39.55
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Elastic Load Balancing	$3.00	$18.17	$18.17	83.49	83.49
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	OPENSEARCH	$3.00	$2.60	$2.60	–	-15.38
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	ODSP	$2.00	$2.49	$2.49	–	19.62
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Private Link	$1.85	$1.85	$1.85	0	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Microsoft Defender for Cloud	$0.65	$0.65	$0.65	23.11	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Container Registry	$0.17	$0.17	$0.17	0	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Site Recovery	$0.16	$0.16	$0.16	0	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Key Vault	$0.02	$0.02	$0.02	0.25	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure DNS	$0.02	$0.02	$0.02	0.71	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Application Gateway	$0.00146	$0.00146	$0.00146	0	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Logic Apps	$0.00025	$0.00025	$0.00025	0	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Event Grid	$0.0000726	$0.0000726	$0.0000726	100	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Data Factory	$0.00003	$0.00003	$0.00003	100	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Service Bus	$0.00000205	$0.00000205	$0.00000205	100	0
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon API Gateway	$0.00	$0.13	$0.13	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon DevOps Guru	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon DocumentDB (with MongoDB compatibility)	$0.00	$1.06	$1.06	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon DynamoDB	$0.00	$0.22	$0.22	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon EC2 Container Registry (ECR)	$0.00	$0.27	$0.27	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Elastic Container Registry Public	$0.00	$0.52	$0.52	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Elastic Container Service	$0.00	$6.70	$6.66	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon ElastiCache	$0.00	$2.45	$2.45	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Glacier	$0.00	$0.000000574	$0.000000574	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon GuardDuty	$0.00	$0.43	$0.43	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Lightsail	$0.00	$0.34	$0.34	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Location Service	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon OpenSearch Service	$0.00	$0.24	$0.24	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon QuickSight	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Redshift	$0.00	$0.00018	$0.00018	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Route 53	$0.00	$0.00381	$0.00381	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Simple Email Service	$0.00	$0.07	$0.07	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Simple Notification Service	$0.00	$0.0000853	$0.0000853	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Simple Queue Service	$0.00	$0.22	$0.22	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon WorkDocs	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AmazonWorkMail	$0.00	$0.04	$0.04	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS App Runner	$0.00	$0.00658	$0.00658	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Backup	$0.00	$0.03	$0.03	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS CloudFormation	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS CloudTrail	$0.00	$0.000402	$0.000402	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Data Transfer	$0.00	-$0.00957	-$0.00957	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Glue	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Key Management Service	$0.00	$0.53	$0.53	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Secrets Manager	$0.00	$0.20	$0.20	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Security Hub	$0.00	$0.43	$0.43	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Step Functions	$0.00	$0.16	$0.16	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Systems Manager	$0.00	$0.42	$0.42	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Transfer Family	$0.00	$0.30	$0.30	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS WAF	$0.00	$0.21	$0.21	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS X-Ray	$0.00	$0.0037	$0.0037	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	CloudWatch Events	$0.00	$0.02	$0.02	100	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Savings Plans for AWS Compute usage	$0.00	$2.32	$2.32	13.72	100
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	App Configuration	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure File Sync	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Savings Plan for Compute	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	SQL Managed Instance	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	BLOCK_STORAGE	$0.00	$0.27	$0.27	–	100
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	FILESTORAGESERVICE	$0.00	$0.00000000002	$0.00	–	–
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	IDENTITY_AND_ACCESS_MANAGEMENT	$0.00	$0.06	$0.06	–	100
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	NETWORK	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	OBJECTSTORE	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	OKE_CONTROL_PLANE	$0.00	$0.70	$0.70	–	100
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	ORACLE_STREAMING_SERVICE	$0.00	$0.0000538	$0.0000538	–	100
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	ORALB	$0.00	$0.11	–	–	–
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	TELEMETRY	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
Oracle	20209880	–	–	OBJECTSTORE	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
Oracle	20209880	–	–	ORACLE_STREAMING_SERVICE	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–	–
Red Hat Inc.	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Red Hat OpenShift Service on AWS	$0.00	$3.42	$3.42	100	100
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Data Factory v2	-$0.04	-$0.04	-$0.04	-11.16	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Load Balancer	-$1.39	-$1.39	-$1.39	0	0
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Virtual Private Cloud	-$2.00	$23.15	$23.15	108.64	108.64
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Lambda	-$2.00	$3.52	$3.53	156.73	156.73
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon CloudFront	-$3.00	$3.86	$3.86	177.68	177.68
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure DB for MySQL	-$4.89	-$4.89	-$4.89	0	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Virtual Machine Scale Sets	-$12.75	-$12.76	-$12.76	0	0.08

97 rows. Scroll inside the table to see more.

Default parameters use the precomputed result, generated as the read-only focus_reader role.

Inspect Postgres SQL and original FOCUS SQL

Postgres SQL, as run

with aggregated_data as (
  select case when publisher_name is not null and publisher_name is distinct from invoice_issuer_name then publisher_name else provider_name end as service_provider_name,
         billing_account_id as billing_account_id,
         billing_account_name as billing_account_name,
         billing_currency as billing_currency,
         service_name as service_name,
         sum(effective_cost) as total_effective_cost,
         sum(billed_cost) as total_billed_cost,
         sum(case when charge_category = 'Usage' and billed_cost = 0 and effective_cost <> 0 then 0::numeric else contracted_cost end) as total_contracted_cost,
         sum(case when charge_category = 'Usage' and billed_cost = 0 and effective_cost <> 0 then 0::numeric else list_cost end) as total_list_cost
  from focus.cost_and_usage
  where billing_period_start >= $1::timestamptz
    and billing_period_end < $2::timestamptz
    and charge_class is null
  group by service_provider_name, billing_account_id, billing_account_name, billing_currency, service_name
)
select service_provider_name as service_provider_name,
       billing_account_id as billing_account_id,
       billing_account_name as billing_account_name,
       billing_currency as billing_currency,
       service_name as service_name,
       total_effective_cost as total_effective_cost,
       total_billed_cost as total_billed_cost,
       total_list_cost as total_list_cost,
       (1 - total_contracted_cost / nullif(total_list_cost, 0)) * 100 as contracted_discount,
       (1 - total_effective_cost / nullif(total_list_cost, 0)) * 100 as effective_discount
from aggregated_data
order by total_effective_cost desc nulls last, service_provider_name, billing_account_id, billing_account_name nulls last, billing_currency nulls last, service_name
limit 500

Parameters: $1 = period_start, $2 = period_end_before

Original FOCUS SQL

WITH AggregatedData AS (
  SELECT
    ServiceProviderName,
    BillingAccountId,
    BillingAccountName,
    BillingCurrency,
    ServiceName,
    SUM(EffectiveCost) AS TotalEffectiveCost,
    SUM(BilledCost) AS TotalBilledCost,
    SUM(
      CASE
        WHEN ChargeCategory = 'Usage' AND BilledCost = 0 AND EffectiveCost <> 0
        THEN 0
        ELSE ContractedCost
      END
    ) AS TotalContractedCost,
    SUM(
      CASE
        WHEN ChargeCategory = 'Usage' AND BilledCost = 0 AND EffectiveCost <> 0
        THEN 0
        ELSE ListCost
      END
    ) AS TotalListCost
  FROM focus_data_table
  WHERE
    BillingPeriodStart >= ? AND BillingPeriodEnd < ? AND ChargeClass IS NULL
  GROUP BY
    ServiceProviderName,
    BillingAccountId,
    BillingAccountName,
    BillingCurrency,
    ServiceName
)
SELECT
  ServiceProviderName,
  BillingAccountId,
  BillingAccountName,
  BillingCurrency,
  ServiceName,
  TotalEffectiveCost,
  TotalBilledCost,
  TotalListCost,
  (1 - TotalContractedCost / NULLIF(TotalListCost, 0)) * 100 AS ContractedDiscount,
  (1 - TotalEffectiveCost / NULLIF(TotalListCost, 0)) * 100 AS EffectiveDiscount
FROM AggregatedData

Columns used

Column names from the source use case.

Read the source on focus.finops.org ↗