Verify discount accuracy for previously invoiced billing period

This query uses the Provider column. Provider is deprecated in v1.3 and will be removed in v1.4.

Capabilities: Data Ingestion, Licensing & SaaS

Verify discount accuracy for previously invoiced billing period

Runs on sample

Source: FOCUS 1.0 sample
Result rows: 97
Status: Runs on sample
Execution: PrecomputedRead-only
Result snapshot (UTC): 2026-10-11

Reports list, billed, and effective cost with an effective discount percentage for a closed billing period by account and service. The correction exclusion uses IS DISTINCT FROM to retain ordinary rows whose ChargeClass is NULL, as required by FOCUS v1.0; the source != predicate would incorrectly exclude all sample rows. Discounts are percentage points; absent/zero list cost yields NULL and this sample cannot verify an external negotiated rate.

List vs effective cost by service

Chart controls and notes

Showing the first 20 categories. Open full screen to explore all 97 categories.

Query results
Provider name	Billing account id	Billing account name	Billing currency	Service name	Total effective cost	Total list cost	Total billed cost	Effective discount
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud	$214.00	$634.12	$593.44	66.25
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Virtual Machines	$188.30	$168.25	$168.24	-11.92
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure SQL Database	$149.04	$149.04	$149.04	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	SQL Database	$108.73	$108.73	$108.73	0
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Datadog	$40.32	$40.98	$40.98	1.62
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure App Service	$35.98	$35.98	$35.98	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Synapse Analytics	$30.25	$30.25	$30.25	0
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AmazonCloudWatch	$23.00	$33.49	$33.49	31.32
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Microsoft.Fabric	$19.28	$19.28	$19.28	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Storage Accounts	$17.46	$17.46	$17.46	0
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	COMPUTE	$16.00	$2.26	$17.31	-607.03
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Virtual Network	$13.09	$13.09	$13.09	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Load Testing	$10.00	$10.00	$10.00	0
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Relational Database Service	$9.00	$65.51	$65.51	86.26
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Monitor	$8.75	$8.75	$8.75	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Kubernetes Service	$8.36	$8.36	$8.36	0
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Elastic File System	$8.00	$9.54	$9.54	16.13
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Config	$6.00	$5.51	$5.51	-8.99
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Machine Learning	$5.05	$5.05	$5.05	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Container Instances	$5.02	$5.02	$5.02	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure ExpressRoute	$4.19	$4.19	$4.19	0
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Elastic Container Service for Kubernetes	$4.00	$9.10	$9.10	56.06
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Simple Storage Service	$4.00	$6.62	$6.62	39.55
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Elastic Load Balancing	$3.00	$18.17	$18.17	83.49
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	OPENSEARCH	$3.00	$2.60	$2.60	-15.38
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	ODSP	$2.00	$2.49	$2.49	19.62
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Private Link	$1.85	$1.85	$1.85	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Microsoft Defender for Cloud	$0.65	$0.65	$0.65	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Container Registry	$0.17	$0.17	$0.17	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Site Recovery	$0.16	$0.16	$0.16	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Key Vault	$0.02	$0.02	$0.02	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure DNS	$0.02	$0.02	$0.02	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Application Gateway	$0.00146	$0.00146	$0.00146	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Logic Apps	$0.00025	$0.00025	$0.00025	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Event Grid	$0.0000726	$0.0000726	$0.0000726	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Data Factory	$0.00003	$0.00003	$0.00003	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Service Bus	$0.00000205	$0.00000205	$0.00000205	0
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon API Gateway	$0.00	$0.13	$0.13	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon DevOps Guru	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon DocumentDB (with MongoDB compatibility)	$0.00	$1.06	$1.06	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon DynamoDB	$0.00	$0.22	$0.22	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon EC2 Container Registry (ECR)	$0.00	$0.27	$0.27	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Elastic Container Registry Public	$0.00	$0.52	$0.52	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Elastic Container Service	$0.00	$6.66	$6.70	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon ElastiCache	$0.00	$2.45	$2.45	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Glacier	$0.00	$0.000000574	$0.000000574	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon GuardDuty	$0.00	$0.43	$0.43	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Lightsail	$0.00	$0.34	$0.34	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Location Service	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon OpenSearch Service	$0.00	$0.24	$0.24	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon QuickSight	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Redshift	$0.00	$0.00018	$0.00018	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Route 53	$0.00	$0.00381	$0.00381	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Simple Email Service	$0.00	$0.07	$0.07	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Simple Notification Service	$0.00	$0.0000853	$0.0000853	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Simple Queue Service	$0.00	$0.22	$0.22	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon WorkDocs	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AmazonWorkMail	$0.00	$0.04	$0.04	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS App Runner	$0.00	$0.00658	$0.00658	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Backup	$0.00	$0.03	$0.03	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS CloudFormation	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS CloudTrail	$0.00	$0.000402	$0.000402	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Data Transfer	$0.00	-$0.00957	-$0.00957	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Glue	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Key Management Service	$0.00	$0.53	$0.53	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Secrets Manager	$0.00	$0.20	$0.20	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Security Hub	$0.00	$0.43	$0.43	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Step Functions	$0.00	$0.16	$0.16	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Systems Manager	$0.00	$0.42	$0.42	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Transfer Family	$0.00	$0.30	$0.30	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS WAF	$0.00	$0.21	$0.21	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS X-Ray	$0.00	$0.0037	$0.0037	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	CloudWatch Events	$0.00	$0.02	$0.02	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Red Hat OpenShift Service on AWS	$0.00	$3.42	$3.42	100
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Savings Plans for AWS Compute usage	$0.00	$2.32	$2.32	100
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	App Configuration	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure File Sync	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Savings Plan for Compute	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	SQL Managed Instance	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	BLOCK_STORAGE	$0.00	$0.27	$0.27	100
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	FILESTORAGESERVICE	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00000000002	–
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	IDENTITY_AND_ACCESS_MANAGEMENT	$0.00	$0.06	$0.06	100
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	NETWORK	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	OBJECTSTORE	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	OKE_CONTROL_PLANE	$0.00	$0.70	$0.70	100
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	ORACLE_STREAMING_SERVICE	$0.00	$0.0000538	$0.0000538	100
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	ORALB	$0.00	–	$0.11	–
Oracle	20209880	–	USD	TELEMETRY	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
Oracle	20209880	–	–	OBJECTSTORE	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
Oracle	20209880	–	–	ORACLE_STREAMING_SERVICE	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	–
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure Data Factory v2	-$0.04	-$0.04	-$0.04	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Load Balancer	-$1.39	-$1.39	-$1.39	0
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon Virtual Private Cloud	-$2.00	$23.15	$23.15	108.64
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	AWS Lambda	-$2.00	$3.53	$3.52	156.73
AWS	1234567890123	SunBird	USD	Amazon CloudFront	-$3.00	$3.86	$3.86	177.68
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Azure DB for MySQL	-$4.89	-$4.89	-$4.89	0
Microsoft	/providers/Microsoft.Billing/billingAccounts/8611537	SunBird	USD	Virtual Machine Scale Sets	-$12.75	-$12.74	-$12.76	-0.1

97 rows. Scroll inside the table to see more.

Default parameters use the precomputed result, generated as the read-only focus_reader role.

Inspect Postgres SQL and original FOCUS SQL

Postgres SQL, as run

select provider_name as provider_name,
       billing_account_id as billing_account_id,
       billing_account_name as billing_account_name,
       billing_currency as billing_currency,
       service_name as service_name,
       sum(effective_cost) as total_effective_cost,
       sum(list_cost) as total_list_cost,
       sum(billed_cost) as total_billed_cost,
       ((sum(list_cost) - sum(effective_cost)) / nullif(sum(list_cost), 0)) * 100 as effective_discount
from focus.cost_and_usage
where billing_period_start >= $1::timestamptz
  and billing_period_end < $2::timestamptz
  and charge_class is distinct from 'Correction'
group by provider_name, billing_account_id, billing_account_name, billing_currency, service_name
order by total_effective_cost desc nulls last, provider_name, billing_account_id, billing_account_name nulls last, billing_currency nulls last, service_name
limit 500

Parameters: $1 = period_start, $2 = period_end_before

Original FOCUS SQL

SELECT
  ProviderName,
  BillingAccountId,
  BillingAccountName,
  BillingCurrency,
  ServiceName,
  SUM(EffectiveCost) AS TotalEffectiveCost,
  SUM(ListCost) AS TotalListCost,
  SUM(BilledCost) AS TotalBilledCost,
  ((SUM(ListCost) - SUM(EffectiveCost)) / NULLIF(SUM(ListCost), 0)) * 100 AS EffectiveDiscount
FROM focus_data_table
WHERE BillingPeriodStart >= ? AND BillingPeriodEnd < ?
  AND ChargeClass != 'Correction'
GROUP BY
  ProviderName,
  BillingAccountId,
  BillingAccountName,
  BillingCurrency,
  ServiceName

Columns used

Column names from the source use case.

Read the source on focus.finops.org ↗